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11.
Skim and whole milk powders were manufactured at lab scale by spray freeze drying (SFD), using liquid nitrogen as the cryogen. The polydispersity of droplet/particle sizes was limited using an encapsulator nozzle to atomize the feed. Particle morphology was examined using a scanning electron microscope. Samples were compared with equivalent spray-dried powders in tests of wettability and dissolution in water. The spray freeze-dried powders were found to be highly porous, with a uniform structure of pores throughout the entire particles. When tested in water, SFD skim milk powders wetted roughly three times as fast as industrially spray-dried agglomerated skim milk powders and were observed to dissolve rapidly by breaking down into smaller particles. 相似文献
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14.
籼米淀粉超微粉体的制备及其性质 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了籼米淀粉超微粉体的一种新的制备方法 ,通过正交实验确定了酶处理淀粉的最佳条件 ,考察了淀粉的溶解度和膨润力。结果表明 ,酶处理淀粉的最佳工艺参数为 :水解温度45℃ ,时间为25h ,酶用量为水解淀粉的45%。随着粒径的减小 ,淀粉的溶解度增大 ,膨润力下降。 相似文献
15.
化学还原法制备纳米铜粉的研究 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:17
本文采用KBH4在液相中化学还原CuSO4,并加入KOH和络合剂EDTA ,制得了纳米级的纯净的铜粉 ,通过调整反应物的浓度 ,可以消除Cu2 O等杂质。制备的纳米铜粉还存在一定程度的团聚 ,需试验加入分散剂来改善。 相似文献
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17.
Titanium Dioxide, TiO2, is a photocatalyst with a unique characteristic. A surface coated with TiO2 exhibits an extremely high affinity for water when exposed to UV light and the contact angle decreases nearly to zero. Inversely, the contact angle increases when the surface is shielded from UV. This superhydrophilic nature gives a self-cleaning effect to the coated surface and has already been applied to some construction materials, car coatings and so on. We applied this property to the enhancement of boiling heat transfer. An experiment involving the pool boiling of pure water has been performed to make clear the effect of high wettability on heat transfer characteristics. The heat transfer surface is a vertical copper cylinder of 17 mm in diameter and the measurement has been done at saturated temperature and in a steady state. Both TiO2-coated and non-coated surfaces were used for comparison. In the case of the TiO2-coated surface, it is exposed to UV light for a few hours before experiment and it is found that the maximum heat flux (CHF) is about two times larger than that of the uncoated surface. The temperature at minimum heat flux (MHF) for the superhydrophilic surface is higher by 100 K than that for the normal one. The superhydrophilic surface can be an ideal heat transfer surface. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
超细粉碎技术现状及发展趋势 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12
综述了国内外超细粉碎技术及设备的现状、进展,指出了其发展趋势,从工作原理、结构特点等方面详细介绍了超细粉碎典型设备,同时又指出了近年来国内外在此领域中的新进展,基于现存问题指出了今后超细粉碎研究的方向。 相似文献
19.
Fernando J Beltrn F Javier Rivas Olga Gimeno 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(9):973-984
Photocatalytic ozonation (1O3 + VUV + TiO2), ozonation (O3), catalytic ozonation (O3 + TiO2), ozone photolysis (O3 + VUV), photocatalysis (TiO2 + VUV) and photolysis (VUV) have been compared in terms of formation of intermediates, extent of, mineralization (TOC, COD, chloride, nitrate) and kinetics in the aqueous treatment of three phenols (phenol, p‐chlorophenol and p‐nitrophenol). In all cases, photocatalytic ozonation led to lower degradation times for chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon removal. Intermediates formed were similar in the different oxidation systems with some exceptions. They can be classified into three different types: polyphenols (resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone), unsaturated carboxylic acids (maleic and fumaric acids) and saturated carboxylic acids (glyoxylic, formic and oxalic acids). First order kinetic equations have been checked for the oxidation processes studied in the case of the parent compound. Rate constants of these systems have also been calculated. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
20.
In this paper, we examine, both experimentally and theoretically, the kinetics of formation and microstructure of product
phases in thin film reactions, using the Nb/Al and Ti/Al systems as our prototypes. The results of calorimetry and microscopy
studies are interpreted using simple kinetic and morphology models. In particular, the kinetic models employed here focus
on the nucleation and growth components of the phase formation process and the morphology models provide a starting point
for the classification of product grain structures.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献